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Sanjeevani
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Sanjeevani application contains the following features:
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Sanjeevani supports GUI, which makes the application easy to use and interactive. Graphical user interface can be described as what you see is what you get (WYSIWYG) that allow end users to interact with applications in a more or less intuitive manner. With WYSIWYG, you get an immediate visual feedback of what you have done and you can decide if this is really what you intended to do.
In WYSIWYG environment user does not have to learn any control characters or tags, but he or she can operate on the application through clicking on buttons, icons etc.
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EPR is electronic patient record. Corresponding to every new patient to the hospital,
a new record is generated and for every existing patient, the existing EPR is opened for viewing and also for modification. Every patient record is given a (words and numbers) 12 digit unique id (which is generated automatically by the software).
A lot of details can be added to the EPR, which are as follows:
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Patient Details: It consists of patient's personal information like name, address etc.
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Patient History: It consists of patient's personal medical history and patient's family history.
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Clinical Information: It consists of patient's clinical information. |
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Reports: It consists of patient's diagnostic reports like hematology report, urine report etc. |
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Images: It consists of patient's diagnostic images like CT, MRI, Ultrasound etc. |
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Associated Files: It consists of patient's diagnostic files like ECG, Stethoscope etc.
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If the doctor at patient's end find any difficulty or in any ambiguity in a patient's disease, he may send the patient's EMR to the specialist doctor for further consultation and he will send the opinion on the case. Other details like X-Rays, CT scan and reports also can send as per requirements. The EMR can be sent via LAN (10/100 Mbps), ISDN (384 Kbps) and broadband connectivity.
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Every EPR consists of the patient's case summary i.e. the previous opinions of the specialists, the date and time on which the opinion has been sent by the specialist and also the specialist's name.
Reporting is the very essential part of every software. This is the feature in which soft copies generated by the software have to be printed in form of hard copies. The process includes generation of required data from the back end (database) and to print it on the paper through printer. In Sanjeevani application Reports like Urine, Hematology, Stool and Biochemistry can be generated on the click of print button.
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The reports are generated for the permanent records.
•Soft copies can be corrupted or damaged but hard copies can be kept for a long period.
•These are easily transferable and can be understood by all.
•Prints of the reports can be taken at nominal cost.
•Reports can be used for further references.
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Telemedicine can be implemented through following technologies:
1.Store and Forward
is used for transferring digital images from one location to
another. A digital image is taken using a digital camera, ('stored') and then sent
('forwarded') by computer to another location. This is typically used for non-emergent
situations, when a diagnosis or consultation may be made in the next 24 - 48 hours
and sent back. The image may be transferred within a building, between two buildings
in the same city, or from one location to another anywhere in the world.
2.Videoconferencing in which Videoconferencing equipment at both locations allows
a 'real-time' consultation to take place. Video conferencing uses compressed digital
images transmitted over wide area networks or the Internet.
Each of the technologies has some advantages and disadvantages. The Sanjeevani adopts the hybrid model, which contains advantages
of both the technologies.
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Sanjeevani supports The Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM). It
is a Standard, a set of rules that allows exchange of images and associated information
between imaging machines, computers & hospitals. Medical scanners like Ultra-sound,
CT (Computed Tomography), MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) and X-Ray. Store & exchange
the patient images and data in a special format called DICOM. i.e., Medical Scanners
can only understand DICOM language.
Interoperability with Medical Instruments (recorders, monitors, scopes) and TWAIN devices: Sanjeevani can acquire data directly from hardware such as Microscope, Cobra
scan, ECG machine, Stethoscope and Flat Scanners and also from Web Camera.
TWAIN- Standard for image acquisition devices. From each hardware, which is TWAIN
compliant, we can select the device and capture the data from it. The captured data
or image can be stored, enhanced and sent for expert opinion.
In case the devices are NON TWAIN compliant devices, the SDK (Software Development
Kit) is required. SDK is a special kind of software packages, which helps us to establish
communication between different kinds of hardware to the software applications. So the programmer could efficiently control the hardware devices according to
their needs.
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Images are very important part of Sanjeevani application. Because some reports can
only be stored and viewed in form of images such as X-Ray, CT Scan, MRI, Ultra Sound,
Nuclear Medicine and Pathology Slides. Sometimes these images contain noises such
as blurring effect (foggy image), poor brightness and contrast as a result, doctors
find it difficult to diagnose the disease. So enhancement of images is required for
viewing purpose. Sanjeevani’s Image Enhancer has many inbuilt tools that can be used
to increase and decrease the brightness and contrast of the images, zoom in, zoom
out and rotation of the image to 90, 180 and 270 degree to view the image from different
angles.
Some sort of drawing on the image can also be done. User can draw square, circle
and free hand drawing and can also write text on the image to mark the area of interest
and the negative of the image can also be produced to view the image in a better
way.
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For installation and configuration the
software contains two utilities:
First use wizard: It is the utility that is used only once and creates information that is required
for proper working of Sanjeevani. It does the following operations:- Register
the database.
- Connect the database.
- Register new hospital.
- Register new user with Administrator
rights.
Configuration Wizard: It is for the configuration purpose. The person who has
administrator rights can only use this. In this, new remote hospitals can be inserted
and the information of remote system can be synchronized.
New departments and users can be added and the old ones can be modified. This
utility can also be used to view and edit the administrator information.
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The Sanjeevani host at the remote end authenticates and verifies whether a connection
is authorized to connect to the host Sanjeevani site. This verification supplements
the security already by the network and dialup connections and by MS Windows 2000
server. Sanjeevani subscriber has an access to the patients registered with him/her
only. We have applied encryption algorithms to secure medical data we have used
SHA1 algorithm, which is fast and secure.
In Sanjeevani the data is sent to remote computers in encrypted form so that it
could not be read or modified by intruders.
For Consistency of patient’s data, hashing is used in which a hash key is generated
every time patient data is sent and it is evaluated at other end to check if the
data received is the data sent and it also insures that the data received is correct
and consistent.
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Sanjeevani uses both the technologies of telemedicine and supports a hybrid model,
which involves the combination of interactive video and store-and-forward model
to treat patients.
‘Store
& Forward’
concept of telemedicine is used for transferring digital
images from one location to another. A digital image is taken using a digital camera,
('stored') and then sent ('forwarded') by computer to another location.
'Store & Forward'
technique involves specialist for sending pictures, x-rays and other
patient information directly to other specialist. After reviewing that information,
the specialist sends the diagnosis back to the local doctor, who treats the
patients and provides follow-up care.
Videoconferencing
allows a 'real-time' consultation to take place at both locations.
Video conferencing uses compressed digital images transmitted over wide area networks
or the Internet. A 56K communications channel support freeze–frame video, full–motion
video with a 1.544–Mbps (T1) channel.
Interactive video allows medical specialists to directly communicate with their
patients who are in another location, using television monitors and specially adapted
equipment.
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HL7 (Health Level Seven) standard support for integration with HIS (Hospital Information System): |
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Sanjeevani supports HL7 v2.3.1 standard (HL7), which provides standards for the
exchange, management and integration of data that supports clinical patient care
and the management, delivery and evaluation of healthcare services. Specifically,
to create flexible, cost effective approaches, standards, guidelines, methodologies
and related services for interoperability between healthcare information systems.
HL7 is a specification for a health data interchange standard designed to facilitate
the transfer of health data resident on remote hospitals in a health care setting.
HL7 facilitates the transfer of laboratory result, pharmacy data and other information
between remote hospitals.
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It supports Peer-to-Peer / Client-Server / Web Based Model – The Sanjeevani application
was initially designed for Peer-to-Peer operation. Now it also supports client-server
model as well as web based application. |
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